Name the movement
An everyday movement word is often different from the anatomical name for the same movement.
Distinguish flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and rotation.
Reaching an arm forward and overhead is shoulder flexion, even when a teacher says "extend your arms." Moving a thigh away from the midline is abduction; turning that thigh around its own long axis is rotation. These are different questions.
Circumduction combines several movements in a circular path.
Name the change you can see
Bending, moving away, and turning are three different changes.
This is a simplified learning diagram. It is not a reviewed anatomical illustration.
Mountain Pose
Choose an arm or thigh demonstration. Move between the two labeled endpoints, or use the step buttons. Compare moving sideways with turning in place.
Bend and straighten one elbow a few times, then take the whole arm away from your body and back.
Notice: Bending is not the same movement as travelling away, even though both look like the arm moving.
This is noticing, not instruction. Move as little as you like, stop at any point, and watching instead of moving is a complete way to take part.
Arms rise sideways from the body to a T. Is this abduction or horizontal abduction?
Pause before opening Practice. Say the distinction in your own words.
Can you describe the change before revealing its technical name?
Moving an arm into a T is not the same demonstration as sweeping a raised arm backward in the horizontal plane. The earlier concept incorrectly merged these.